Water is used extensively throughout the textile processing operations. In most of the textile industries, water is collected from the Underground. The water which is in the environment contains lots of impurities and that's why this water is required to get purified before use. Water for a textile plant may come from various sources. water hardness can be divided into two ways - 1.temporary harness, 2. permanent hardness.

1.Temporary hardness: 

Temporary hardness is caused by calcium or magnesium hydrogen carbonate.

So, to make Temporary water to soft water, we can boil this water or take the help of the following reactions:

Ca(HCO3)+Ca(OH)2→2CaCO3↓+2H2O

Mg(HCO3)2+2Ca(OH)2→2MgCO3+2H2O

MgCO3+Ca(OH)2→Mg(OH)2+CaCO3

2.Permanent hardness : 

Permanent hardness is caused by calcium or magnesium sulphate.

So, to make Temporary water to soft water, I can take the help of the following reactions:

CaSO4+Na2CO3→CaCO3+Na2SO4

MgSO4+Na2CO3→MgCO3+Na2SO4

MgCO3+Ca(OH)2→Mg(OH)2+CaCO3