McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y and Maslow's hierarchy of needs are both rooted in motivation theory.McGregor believed that self-actualization was the highest level of reward for employees.

Theory X managers tend to take a pessimistic view of their people, and assume that they are naturally unmotivated and dislike work. As a result, they think that team members need to be prompted, rewarded  or punished consta

This style of management assumes that workers:

•Dislike their work.

•Avoid responsibility and need constant direction.

•Have to be controlled, forced and threatened to deliver work.

Theory Y managers have an optimistic, positive opinion of their people, and they use a decentralized, participative management style. This encourages a more collaborative.

This style of management assumes that workers are:

•Happy to work on their own initiative.

•More involved in decision making.

•Self-motivated to complete their tasks.

•Enjoy taking ownership  of their work.