Many of these ingredients can be manufactured from plants; others are petroleum-based. The amount of each ingredient and how they are combined are affect the cleaning ability of the detergent. Some types are given billow,



1. Alkali: They are effective in removing dirt and stains from fabric without excessive rubbing. It neutralize the acid of fabric.



2. Surfactants and Anti-Redepositing Agents: They break up stains and suspend the dirt in the water to prevent the redisposition of the dirt onto the surface. Surfactants disperse dirt that normally does not dissolve in water.



3. Functional Materials in Laundry Detergent:



PH modifiers - balance acids and bases in water

Optical brighteners (bleach alternative) - improve the appearance of whiteness by absorbing UV light and giving off a blue tint

water conditioners - manage hard water and inhibit dye transfer

suds control with soap or silicone - prevent excess foaming

preservatives - prevent microbial growth

4. Catalytic Enzymes:



protease - degrades protein-based soils

amylase - degrades starch-based or carbohydrate soils

cellulase - breaks down cotton fibers to release soils

lipase - degrades fat-based soils

pectinase - degrades fruit-based stains



Homemade Laundry detergent –







i).1 bar grated Fels Naptha soap.



ii).3 cups Borax.



iii).2 cups washing soda.



iv).3/4 cup baking soda.



v).4 1/2 cups oxygen bleach.



vi).1 cup fabric softener crystals – store-bought or Homemade (optional