Scientific management is a theory of management
that analyzes and synthesizes workflows. Its main objective is
improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one
of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes to management.
Scientific management can be summarized in four main principles: Using scientific
methods to determine and standardize the one best way of doing a job. A
clear division of tasks and responsibilities. High pay for
high-performing employees.
Scientific management provides the following advantages:
- (1) Reduction in the Cost of Production:
- (2) Better Quality Products:
- (3) Benefits of Division of Labour:
- (4) Avoidance of Disputes between Labour and Management:
- (5) Increased Wages:
- (6) Gains to Owners/Investors
Taylor's four principles
are as follows: Replace working by "rule of thumb," or simple habit and
common sense, and instead use the scientific method to study work and
determine the most efficient way to perform specific tasks.