Separation of powers is a fundamental principle in democratic systems of government. It refers to the division of powers and functions among three distinct branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has its own specific responsibilities and limitations, acting as a check and balance on the others to prevent the concentration of power in any single authority.
Here are the key aspects of the separation of powers:
Legislative Branch: The legislative branch, typically composed of a parliament or congress, is responsible for making laws. It represents the will of the people, debates and enacts legislation, and exercises oversight over the executive branch. Its primary function is to create and pass laws that reflect the needs and interests of the society.
Executive Branch: The executive branch is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws. It is headed by the government, which is usually led by a president, prime minister, or a similar executive authority. The executive branch carries out the day-to-day governance of the country, including the administration of public services, implementation of policies, and enforcement of laws passed by the legislative branch.