Calculus is one of the most crucial and fundamental tool in modern mathematics. It was developed and booked in the 17th century by the two famous mathematician and physicist Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz (For More information visit https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_calculus). Calculus deals with infinitesimal quantities that play remarkable roles in Physics and Mathematics. Calculus is the language of engineers, scientists, and economists. The work of these professionals has a huge impact on our daily life - from your microwaves, cell phones, TV, and car to medicine, economy, and national defense.
Matrix is a major part of Linear Algebra. The introduction and development of the notion of a matrix and the subject of linear algebra followed the development of determinants, which arose from the study of coefficients of systems of linear equations. Leibnitz, one of the two founders of calculus, used determinants in 1693 and Cramer presented his determinant-based formula for solving systems of linear equations (today known as Cramer's Rule) in 1750. For optimization, factory management system and many other sector concept of matrix are widely used.