Section outline

  • Learning outcomes:

    At the end of this chapter students will be able to know about-

    • Mechanism of respiration, pulmonary ventilation, ventilation volumes.
    • Gaseous interchange through lungs: carriage of O2 and CO2.
    • Regulation of respiration: Nervous and chemical regulation.
    • Hypoxia: Causes and classification, abnormal breathing.
    • Cheyne stokes breathing, Kussmalbreathing, breathing at high altitude