The philosophy of ancient India is diverse and rich, encompassing various schools of thought. Major philosophical traditions include Vedanta, Samkhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, and Mimamsa. Concepts like dharma, karma, moksha, and the pursuit of self-realization are central to many Indian philosophical systems. The Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and texts like the Arthashastra and Manusmriti contribute significantly to the understanding of ancient Indian philosophy.