Bangladesh-India relations are generally characterized by strong historical and cultural ties, but there are several key issues that have created challenges in recent years. Two of the major concerns are water sharing and border security.
1. Water Sharing Disputes
Teesta River Dispute: The Teesta River, which flows through India and Bangladesh, has been a major point of contention. Bangladesh has been pressing for a fair water-sharing agreement, particularly during the dry season, as the river is crucial for agriculture in its northern regions. However, India, particularly the state of West Bengal, has resisted agreeing to Bangladesh's proposed share of the river's waters. This has caused friction in bilateral relations.
Farakka Barrage: The operation of the Farakka Barrage on the Ganges River, built by India, has also been a contentious issue. Bangladesh accuses India of reducing the flow of water downstream, which affects agriculture, fishing, and the environment in its southwestern regions. The 1996 Ganges Water Treaty was aimed at resolving this, but concerns over the implementation persist.
Other Transboundary Rivers: With around 54 rivers shared between the two countries, water management has always been sensitive. Despite efforts to reach agreements on several rivers, many remain unresolved, contributing to occasional tensions.
2. Border Security Issues
Border Killings: The India-Bangladesh border is highly porous, and issues of cross-border smuggling, human trafficking, and illegal migration have led to security concerns. The Border Security Force (BSF) of India has been criticized for border shootings, which have occasionally resulted in civilian deaths. These incidents spark public anger in Bangladesh and strain diplomatic relations.
Illegal Migration: India has expressed concerns over illegal migration
1. Water Sharing Disputes
Teesta River Dispute: The Teesta River, which flows through India and Bangladesh, has been a major point of contention. Bangladesh has been pressing for a fair water-sharing agreement, particularly during the dry season, as the river is crucial for agriculture in its northern regions. However, India, particularly the state of West Bengal, has resisted agreeing to Bangladesh's proposed share of the river's waters. This has caused friction in bilateral relations.
Farakka Barrage: The operation of the Farakka Barrage on the Ganges River, built by India, has also been a contentious issue. Bangladesh accuses India of reducing the flow of water downstream, which affects agriculture, fishing, and the environment in its southwestern regions. The 1996 Ganges Water Treaty was aimed at resolving this, but concerns over the implementation persist.
Other Transboundary Rivers: With around 54 rivers shared between the two countries, water management has always been sensitive. Despite efforts to reach agreements on several rivers, many remain unresolved, contributing to occasional tensions.
2. Border Security Issues
Border Killings: The India-Bangladesh border is highly porous, and issues of cross-border smuggling, human trafficking, and illegal migration have led to security concerns. The Border Security Force (BSF) of India has been criticized for border shootings, which have occasionally resulted in civilian deaths. These incidents spark public anger in Bangladesh and strain diplomatic relations.
Illegal Migration: India has expressed concerns over illegal migration