How to handle situations arising from barriers to effective communication. 

1. Stop: Stop all what you're doing and focus on the person, their thoughts and feelings, consciously focus on quieting your own internal commentary and step away from your own concerns to think about those of the speaker. That is to give full attention to the speaker. 

2. Look: pay attention to non-verbal messages without being distracted. 

3. Listen: listen to the essence of the speakers thoughts. Detail major ideas and their meanings. 

4. Be empathetic: imagine how you would feel in their circumstances.

5.Ask questions: use questions to clarify your understanding. 

Physiological barriers: Physiological barriers to communication are related with the limitations of the human body and the human mind (memory, attention, and perception). Physiological barriers may result from individuals' personal discomfort, caused by ill-health, poor eye sight, or hearing difficulties. 

Psychological barriers:  psychological barrier of communication is the influence of psychological state of the communicators (sender and receiver) which creates an obstacle for effective communication. This include the psychological state of the sender or receiver of the information such as anger, sadness, confusion, nervousness, jeolosy etc

Cultural barriers: cultural barriers are such barriers that relate to differences in the way we speak (language) our beliefs, attitudes, gestures, body language and social values that are different to the people we interact with. Because we come from different regions and have far different cultures it might be difficult to understand each other effectively.