The components of Robots:
1).Power Supply: The working power to the robot is provided by batteries, hydraulic, solar power, or pneumatic power sources.
2).Actuators: Actuators are the energy conversion device used inside a robot.
The major function of actuators is to convert energy into movement.
3).Electric motors(DC/AC): Motors are electromechanical component used for converting electrical energy into its equivalent mechanical energy.
In robots motors are used for providing rotational movement.
4).Sensors: Sensors provide real time information on the task environment.
Robots are equipped with tactile sensor it imitates the mechanical properties of touch receptors of human fingerprints and a vision sensor is used for computing the depth in the environment.
5).Controller: Controller is a part of robot that coordinates all motion of the mechanical system.
It also receives an input from immediate environment through various sensors.
The heart of robot's controller is a microprocessor linked with the input/output and monitoring device.
The command issued by the controller activates the motion control mechanism, consisting of various controller, actuators and amplifier.
6).Piezo Motors: A recent alternative to DC Motors are piezo motors or ultrasonic motors.
Tiny piezoceramic elements, vibrating many thousands of times per second, cause linear or rotary motion.
7).Air Muscles: The air muscle in a simple yet powerful device for providing a pulling force.
It behaves in a very similar way to a biological muscle, it can be used to construct robots with a similar muscle/skeleton system to an animal.
8).Electroactive polymers: Are classes of plastics which change shape in response to electric stimulation.
9. Elastic Nanotubes: The absence of defects in nanotubes enables these filaments to deform elastically by several percent.
10).Manipulation: Robots work in the real world require some way to manipulate objects; pick up, modify, destroy or otherwise have an effect.
Thus, the hands, of a robot are often referred to as end effectors.
Most robots arms are replaceable effectors, each allowing them to perform some small range of tasks.
Some have a fixed manipulator which cannot be replaced, while a few have one very general purpose manipulator.
