The case "Marbury vs Madison" (1803) was established the principle of judicial review.
President John Adams failed in election but appointed new 44 justice just before end of his period.After new president took over he did not let newly appointed justice to sit on position.That's why Madison failed this writ of on behalf of other justice against secretary of president marbury.the us court rule that the amendment was illegal and reforms it.that is why the appointment gone canceled.