In Bangladesh, the procedure for amending the Constitution is outlined in Articles 142 and 143 of the Constitution of Bangladesh. Here is a simplified overview of the process:
1. Proposal: An amendment to the Constitution can be proposed in one of two ways:
a. By a member of Parliament (MP): Any MP can propose an amendment.
b. By the government: The government may also propose an amendment.
2. Passage in Parliament:
a. If the proposal is made by an MP, it must be supported by at least one-tenth of the total number of MPs.
b. If the government proposes the amendment, it does not require a specific number of supporters.
3. Committee Review: The proposed amendment is referred to a parliamentary committee for detailed examination.
4. Parliamentary Debate: After the committee review, the proposed amendment is debated in Parliament.
5. Approval:
a. A constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds majority vote in Parliament for approval.
b. If the proposed amendment seeks to change certain specific provisions, such as those related to the territory of Bangladesh or the separation of the judiciary, it requires approval by a majority of the total membership of Parliament.
6. Presidential Assent: Once approved by Parliament, the amendment is sent to the President for formal assent.
7. Amendment Enactment: The President's assent is the final step in the process, and the amendment becomes a part of the Constitution.
It's important to note that certain fundamental principles of the Constitution, such as the secular nature of the state, cannot be amended. Additionally, any amendment that affects the territory of Bangladesh or the separation of the judiciary has special requirements for approval.
The actual text of the Constitution, as well as any subsequent amendments, should be consulted for the most up-to