Section outline


  • Learning outcome:

    • Describe process of respiration.
    • Define different terminologies of respiratory systems 
    • Describe the gas exchange process through lung and blood.
    • Regulation of respiration.
    • Illustrate different types of respiratory diseases with their cause.


    Topic contents:

    • Mechanism of respiration, pulmonary ventilation, ventilation volumes.
    • Gaseous interchange through lungs: carriage of O2 and CO2.
    •  Regulation of respiration: Nervous and chemical regulation. 
    • Hypoxia: Causes and classification, abnormal breathing.
    •  Cheyne stokes breathing, Kussmalbreathing, breathing at high altitude.