Discussion on Module 3

Ancient India was divided into various administrative units, evolving over time. Some of the key administrative units included:
1.
Janapada: These were the territorial units or kingdoms in ancient India, often ruled by kings or chiefs. They were further divided into smaller administrative units called "Vishayas" or "Kharvatikas."
2.
Mahajanapadas: These were large and powerful kingdoms or republics that emerged around the 6th century BCE. Examples include Magadha, Kosala, Vajji, and Avanti.
3.
Sangha: This term referred to the republics or oligarchies that existed in ancient India. These were self-governing units with assemblies and councils.
4.
Ganas: Similar to Sanghas, ganas were republics or confederations of tribes.
5.
Panchayats: These were local councils responsible for administering villages and small towns. They played a crucial role in local governance and dispute resolution.
6.
Rashtra: This term referred to a country or state. It could be a small kingdom or a larger territorial entity.
7.
Janapadas: In some contexts, "Janapada" was used to refer to both territorial units and kingdoms.

These administrative units varied in size, power, and structure across different regions and periods of ancient Indian history.