The Hindu period in the history of Bengal, now Bangladesh, dates back to ancient times, notably before the advent of Islam in the region. This era is characterized by the rule of various Hindu dynasties, such as the Mauryas, Guptas, and Palas. The Gupta Empire (c. 320-550 CE) is particularly notable for its contributions to culture, art, and science, often referred to as the Golden Age of India. The Pala Dynasty (8th-12th centuries) was another significant period, known for its patronage of Buddhism and the establishment of major centers of learning, such as the universities of Nalanda and Vikramashila. Hinduism profoundly influenced the social, cultural, and legal structures of the time. Temples, sculptures, and manuscripts from this period reflect a rich cultural heritage. This era laid the foundations for the region’s historical and cultural identity, which continued to evolve with subsequent Islamic and colonial influences.
